The August 11th 2008 Recall referendum was a key historical moment for Bolivians, and for most indigenous populations in Latin America, in their fighting of what they see as 400 years of white occupation. To the surprise of all, President Evo Morales’ mandate was revalidated with a solid 67% of the votes. Few years before, in 2005, Bolivians had elected Morales, the first indigenous president of their history. On August 11th, the voters had to renew, or not, their support to the president and its proposed agenda for reforms. The reforms aims at benefiting particularly the poor and indigenous majority of the country historically marginalized since the beginning of the Spanish conquest 400 years ago. It includes a larger redistribution of the countries’ resources and natural wealth, and a re-writing of the country’s constitution as to crystallize change in institutions. Morales’ strong victory nevertheless led to important violent clashes across the country, which was practically paralyzed for numerous weeks following the referendum. The clashes, blending partisanery and harsh racism, lead to more then 30 deaths.